<?php

/*
 * This file is part of the Symfony package.
 *
 * (c) Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
 *
 * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
 * file that was distributed with this source code.
 */

namespace Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation;

use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Exception\BadRequestException;

/**
 * ParameterBag is a container for key/value pairs.
 *
 * @author Fabien Potencier <fabien@symfony.com>
 *
 * @implements \IteratorAggregate<string, mixed>
 */
class ParameterBag implements \IteratorAggregate, \Countable
{
    /**
     * Parameter storage.
     */
    protected $parameters;

    public function __construct(array $parameters = [])
    {
        $this->parameters = $parameters;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the parameters.
     *
     * @param string|null $key The name of the parameter to return or null to get them all
     */
    public function all(string $key = null): array
    {
        if (null === $key) {
            return $this->parameters;
        }

        if (!\is_array($value = $this->parameters[$key] ?? [])) {
            throw new BadRequestException(sprintf('Unexpected value for parameter "%s": expecting "array", got "%s".', $key, get_debug_type($value)));
        }

        return $value;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the parameter keys.
     */
    public function keys(): array
    {
        return array_keys($this->parameters);
    }

    /**
     * Replaces the current parameters by a new set.
     */
    public function replace(array $parameters = [])
    {
        $this->parameters = $parameters;
    }

    /**
     * Adds parameters.
     */
    public function add(array $parameters = [])
    {
        $this->parameters = array_replace($this->parameters, $parameters);
    }

    public function get(string $key, mixed $default = null): mixed
    {
        return \array_key_exists($key, $this->parameters) ? $this->parameters[$key] : $default;
    }

    public function set(string $key, mixed $value)
    {
        $this->parameters[$key] = $value;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the parameter is defined.
     */
    public function has(string $key): bool
    {
        return \array_key_exists($key, $this->parameters);
    }

    /**
     * Removes a parameter.
     */
    public function remove(string $key)
    {
        unset($this->parameters[$key]);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the alphabetic characters of the parameter value.
     */
    public function getAlpha(string $key, string $default = ''): string
    {
        return preg_replace('/[^[:alpha:]]/', '', $this->get($key, $default));
    }

    /**
     * Returns the alphabetic characters and digits of the parameter value.
     */
    public function getAlnum(string $key, string $default = ''): string
    {
        return preg_replace('/[^[:alnum:]]/', '', $this->get($key, $default));
    }

    /**
     * Returns the digits of the parameter value.
     */
    public function getDigits(string $key, string $default = ''): string
    {
        // we need to remove - and + because they're allowed in the filter
        return str_replace(['-', '+'], '', $this->filter($key, $default, \FILTER_SANITIZE_NUMBER_INT));
    }

    /**
     * Returns the parameter value converted to integer.
     */
    public function getInt(string $key, int $default = 0): int
    {
        return (int) $this->get($key, $default);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the parameter value converted to boolean.
     */
    public function getBoolean(string $key, bool $default = false): bool
    {
        return $this->filter($key, $default, \FILTER_VALIDATE_BOOLEAN);
    }

    /**
     * Filter key.
     *
     * @param int $filter FILTER_* constant
     *
     * @see https://php.net/filter-var
     */
    public function filter(string $key, mixed $default = null, int $filter = \FILTER_DEFAULT, mixed $options = []): mixed
    {
        $value = $this->get($key, $default);

        // Always turn $options into an array - this allows filter_var option shortcuts.
        if (!\is_array($options) && $options) {
            $options = ['flags' => $options];
        }

        // Add a convenience check for arrays.
        if (\is_array($value) && !isset($options['flags'])) {
            $options['flags'] = \FILTER_REQUIRE_ARRAY;
        }

        if ((\FILTER_CALLBACK & $filter) && !(($options['options'] ?? null) instanceof \Closure)) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('A Closure must be passed to "%s()" when FILTER_CALLBACK is used, "%s" given.', __METHOD__, get_debug_type($options['options'] ?? null)));
        }

        return filter_var($value, $filter, $options);
    }

    /**
     * Returns an iterator for parameters.
     *
     * @return \ArrayIterator<string, mixed>
     */
    public function getIterator(): \ArrayIterator
    {
        return new \ArrayIterator($this->parameters);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of parameters.
     */
    public function count(): int
    {
        return \count($this->parameters);
    }
}

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Enhancing Payment Security: The Role of Encryption and Tokenization in Digital Transactions

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Encryption is a process that transforms data into a secure format, known as ciphertext, which can only be deciphered using a specific decryption key. This means that even if data is intercepted during transmission, it remains unreadable and protected from unauthorized access. Encryption is essential in safeguarding sensitive payment information, such as credit card details and personal data, during online transactions.
Tokenization, on the other hand, involves substituting sensitive data with unique identifiers or "tokens." These tokens serve as placeholders and have no value outside of the specific transaction context. If intercepted, tokens are meaningless and cannot be used to access the original sensitive data. This method significantly reduces the risk of fraud and data breaches, as the actual payment information is not stored or transmitted.
Together, encryption and tokenization form a powerful security framework. Encryption ensures that data is protected during transmission, while tokenization minimizes the risk of exposing sensitive information by replacing it with secure, non-sensitive tokens.
These technologies are integral to modern payment platforms, providing a robust defense against cyber threats. By implementing advanced encryption and tokenization techniques, businesses can enhance the security of digital transactions, ensuring that users' financial and personal information remains safe. This comprehensive approach not only builds user trust but also fortifies the overall security infrastructure of digital payment systems. As cyber threats evolve, the continued advancement of encryption and tokenization will be crucial in maintaining secure and reliable payment processes.

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